Efficient Computation of Spinning Modal Radiation Through an Engine Bypass Duct

The aim of this work is to accurately and efficiently predict sound radiation out of a duct with flow. The sound propagation inside a generic engine bypass duct, refractions by the shear layer of the exhaust flow, and propagation in the near field are the main focus of the study. The prediction uses either a modified form of linearized Euler equations or an alternative model based on acoustic perturbation equations, which were extended to cylindrical coordinates. The twomodels were compared on a canonical case of sound propagation out of a semi-infinite ductwith flow. Good agreements between the predictions were achieved. The more general case of a generic aircraft engine bypass duct with flow was then investigated with the technique of adaptive mesh refinement to increase the computational efficiency. The results show that both linearized Euler equations and acoustic perturbation equations models can predict the near-field sound propagation and far-field directivity. The acoustic perturbation equations model, however, is more adaptive for its suitability to an arbitrary background mean flow.